In 2015, Nigerians went to the polls with a shared hope—to usher in a new era of integrity, purpose, and national renewal. That hope was anchored in the candidacy of General Muhammadu Buhari, a former military Head of State whose reputation for discipline and frugality preceded him. For many, Buhari represented more than a political shift; he symbolized a movement toward responsible leadership and collective upliftment, transcending the ethnic and regional divisions that have long challenged Nigeria’s unity.
From the outset, Buhari made a powerful declaration that captured the spirit of his presidency: “I belong to everyone and I belong to no one.” More than a campaign slogan, it was a statement of intent—a pledge to govern without prejudice. His leadership ethos drew from the deep-rooted principles of northern Nigerian statesmanship, which emphasize justice, inclusion, and nation-building.
Still, doubts lingered. Some critics feared that Buhari’s northern origins would bias his policies. But over time, the record reflected a broader vision—one that prioritized national development over regional allegiance.
Investing in Connectivity and Growth
Perhaps the most visible legacy of Buhari’s presidency lies in his administration’s expansive investment in infrastructure. Landmark projects such as the Lagos–Ibadan Rail, Second Niger Bridge, Lagos–Ibadan Expressway, and the Warri–Itakpe–Ajaokuta Rail redefined national connectivity. These projects were not just feats of engineering but bridges—both literal and symbolic—between Nigeria’s fragmented regions.
Further, strategic projects like the Lekki Deep Sea Port and strong backing for the Dangote Refinery signaled a bold step toward economic self-sufficiency and industrial modernization. His infrastructure drive was a calculated effort to stimulate the economy, expand trade, and create employment across the nation.
Championing the Vulnerable
Under Buhari, Nigeria witnessed an unprecedented push in social investment programs. Initiatives like N-Power, Conditional Cash Transfers, and the School Feeding Programme provided safety nets for millions of families. He also raised the NYSC allowance, and supported agriculture through the Anchor Borrowers Programme, giving young Nigerians opportunities to thrive.
Crucially, Buhari took notable strides in promoting women’s empowerment. Appointments such as Justice Aloma Mukhtar as Nigeria’s first female Chief Justice, and women heading key ministries like Finance and Environment, marked a shift toward gender inclusivity. These decisions were backed by real support in funding women entrepreneurs and strengthening the Safe Schools initiative, acknowledging the vital role of women in nation-building.
Strengthening Security
Facing mounting security challenges, Buhari’s government embarked on one of the most extensive military reforms in decades. With the acquisition of fighter jets, attack helicopters, and naval assets, the armed forces were retooled to better confront insurgencies and insecurity across Nigeria. It was a calculated effort to restore both capacity and morale in the country’s defense institutions.
Moreover, Buhari made moves to right historical wrongs. His administration paid long-neglected pensions to Nigeria Airways staff and civil service retirees—honoring those who had served the nation but were forgotten. His decision to recognize June 12 as Democracy Day, in tribute to MKO Abiola, and to honor Gani Fawehinmi, sent a strong message about the importance of justice, memory, and historical redress.
Resilience in Economic Crisis
During periods of economic strain, Buhari’s leadership adopted pragmatic solutions. Over N2 trillion in bailout funds were released to states, enabling them to stabilize their finances, pay salaries, and meet pension obligations. His digital transformation efforts, including the e-passport initiative, aimed to streamline public services and prepare Nigeria for the demands of a digital future.
Perhaps his most consequential reform was the signing of the amended Electoral Act, allowing for electronic transmission of election results. This landmark reform deepened electoral transparency, enhanced citizen confidence in democracy, and reinforced Buhari’s legacy as a reformist.
A Voice on the Global Stage
On the international front, Buhari’s calm diplomacy earned Nigeria renewed respect. His foreign policy was not loud, but deliberate—focused on partnerships that advanced Nigeria’s interests while maintaining the country’s voice in global and continental affairs.
A Leader, Not Without Flaws
No presidency is without criticism. Buhari’s administration faced allegations of northern favoritism, concerns over the competence of some appointees, and anxieties about his health-related absences. These challenges tested public trust. Yet even in moments of vulnerability, Buhari’s return to office and continuity of governance reflected a determined commitment to duty.
A Legacy of Service
As the nation reflects on his time in office, Buhari’s leadership emerges as a blend of resilience, reform, and realism. He was not a perfect leader, but one who made impactful strides in critical sectors—infrastructure, security, economic empowerment, and institutional reform. His efforts to correct past injustices and uplift marginalized populations resonate as a testament to his broader vision of inclusive governance.
In a complex nation like Nigeria, progress often comes slowly and with friction. But Buhari’s legacy serves as a reminder that leadership, at its core, is about service—not power. As Nigeria continues to navigate its democratic journey, the lessons from Buhari’s presidency—both his achievements and missteps—will remain instructive for the future.
